In 2024, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) reported the deaths of at least 68 journalists worldwide, with over 60% occurring in conflict zones—the highest proportion in more than a decade. This marks the second consecutive year where conflict areas have posed significant dangers to media professionals.
UNESCO’s Director-General, Audrey Azoulay, emphasized the critical role of reliable information during conflicts and condemned the loss of journalists’ lives in pursuit of truth. She urged all nations to uphold international laws protecting media workers.
The report highlighted that Palestine experienced the highest number of journalist fatalities in 2024, with 18 deaths. Other affected countries included Ukraine, Colombia, Iraq, Lebanon, Myanmar, and Sudan, underscoring the elevated risks in regions plagued by violence and instability.
While conflict zones remain perilous, the overall number of journalist killings decreased slightly in 2024. Notably, deaths in non-conflict areas dropped to 26—the lowest in 16 years. This decline was particularly significant in Latin America and the Caribbean, where journalist killings fell from 43 in 2022 to 12 in 2024, indicating progress in addressing threats against media workers in peacetime.
UNESCO’s data, sourced from leading international press freedom organizations, is meticulously verified to ensure impartiality. Cases are excluded if deaths are deemed unrelated to journalistic work. However, numerous cases remain under review, and UNESCO continues to monitor developments closely.
Beyond tracking fatalities, UNESCO actively works to protect journalists through initiatives like the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity. The organization has also reported a 42% increase in attacks on journalists covering environmental issues between 2019 and 2024, highlighting the evolving nature of risks facing the media.
This report serves as a stark reminder of the dangers journalists face, particularly in conflict zones, and underscores the urgent need for enhanced protections to ensure their safety and uphold the essential role of a free press in society.
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